规划动态性特征分析及其在城市设计中的应用——以聊城市徒骇河两岸规划发展为例

城市功能交界区是城市一体化发展的重点区域,而城市中央滨水区域则是城市"都市生活"的核心区域。在功能交界区的滨水地带向中央滨水区过渡的过程中,滨水区域凭借便利的交通及优越的自然环境,往往成为城市功能角色转变中最大的区域,也是城市规划管理中最具动态性、最难控制的区域。研究以聊城市徒骇河两岸近十年的规划发展为例,分析规划动态性的成因,探究规划动态管理在城市设计中的应用,为规划编制和规划管理提供借鉴与参考。     

Solar potential in existing urban layouts—Critical overview of the existing building stock in Slovenian context

In recent years implementation of sustainable building design in the EU has become one of the key issues in reducing energy dependence. In this context efficient use of solar potential incident on building envelope is essential. The goal of the study is to evaluate the influence of interventions required by the new Slovenian legislation and to propose general site planning guidelines. Special emphasis is devoted to the existing building stock, which is due for refurbishment. The study is carried out on the basis of seven typical urban layouts, which are assessed according to the shape of layout, density, building orientation and design. The calculations are carried out with the program SHADING. The study showed that the existing layouts are not as problematic as had been expected and that form and orientation of buildings present a major challenge. Nevertheless, the quality and the duration of insolation are highly dependent on the specifics of each case. The study showed that by respecting the basic rules of good practice in conjunction with the existing requirements no major changes in the existing design principles are needed.     

Transport mode preferences,risk perception and worry in a Norwegian urban population

The main aim of the present study was to compare risk perception among Norwegians (n = 512) living in the region of Oslo. This study was part of an ERANET 13 project entitled PETRIS, Perception of transport risk in France and Norway. The data collection was carried out in January 2011. The response rate was 51 percent. The results showed that respondents, divided in two groups according to their transport mode preferences, assessed differently risk perception in public and private transportation. Respondents who preferred collective transportation assessed the probability of experiencing criminality in collective transport modes as higher than those who preferred private modes. They were also more worried of experiencing accidents, criminality, and terror attacks in collective transportation. The relationship between transport mode preferences and use, risk perception and worry are discussed.     

Analyzing growth and mortality in a subtropical urban forest ecosystem

Information on urban tree growth, mortality and in-growth is currently being used to estimate urban forest structure changes and ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration. This study reports on tree diameter growth and mortality in 65 plots distributed among four land use categories, which were established in 2005/2006 in Gainesville, Florida, USA and were re-measured in 2009. Models for mortality and in-growth models were developed by grouping species into hardwoods and softwoods. Annual change in tree diameter at breast height growth was analyzed using three tree species groups based on potential height and longevity. Additionally, the four most common tree species in the study area were modeled to explore factors affecting tree growth. The average annual mortality rate in the city was 9.97%. Trees located in Institutional land use/land cover (LULC) had the highest annual mortality rate (19.2%/yr), and commercial had the lowest (3.1%/yr). Overall, growth rates for the study area (0.70 cm/yr) and residential LULC (0.80 cm/yr) were comparable to other studies. Growth rates for trees in forested areas were higher (0.56 cm/yr) than those previously reported. Individual species-level growth rates such as those for Juniperus virginiana (1.24 cm/yr) and Quercus virginiana (1.08 cm/yr) were different than other species values reported in other studies. Maintenance activities, site conditions, soil properties, tree characteristics, and LULC significantly influenced urban tree growth, mortality, and in-growth. Results can be used to better understand urban forest ecosystem structure and services in medium sized, subtropical cities and to make better decisions regarding planting and maintenance strategies.     

城市增长边界控制模式研究——一个基于土地存量控制的分析框架

研究以土地存量概念为基础,构建一个理论框架,用于指导复杂外部环境下的城市增长边界控制。基于土地存量概念的城市增长边界控制方法主要包括时间驱动型和事件驱动型两种。在城市增长边界扩展的控制中,应当考虑到与存量相关的各项成本,主要包括保留成本、订购成本和缺损成本三大类;通过各项成本的比较,并结合考虑控制的目标、主要关注点,以及现实的技术条件和制度条件,进行合理的城市增长边界控制方式的选择和建构。从我国目前的发展状况看,在近期可以尝试借鉴时间驱动型的控制方法,而在远期可以尝试采用事件驱动型的控制方法。     

PMetro: Measurement of urban aerosols on a mobile platform

PMetro is an innovative time/space resolved urban aerosol monitoring and data management system. The core of the monitoring system is a customized optical particle counter (OPC) integrated on a cabin of the metro urban transport system in Perugia (Central Italy). This peculiar arrangement and setup allow regular, real-time measurement of aerosol particles on a well defined path through the city all over the day. The performances of the prototype OPC system have been customized and finally inter-compared with those of similar commercial devices placed at fixed points along the metro line. Data from the mobile system are integrated with environmental measurements from fixed monitoring stations along the metro path in order to attain models of the evolution of urban aerosol pollutants.     

基于新文脉主义的城市色彩可持续发展初探

从城市文脉的角度研究城市色彩的传承与嬗变,通过引介新文脉主义,并结合城市色彩理论, 提出"城市色脉"理念,并阐述其内涵外延.影响因素及特性,统筹整合研究成果,完善城市色彩理论体系,使城市色彩发展更具整体性、前瞻性、时代性,从而实现健康可持续发展.     

都市生长——基于“时间”的城市设计初探

文章通过对2014年马群地铁站城市设计课题的记录,试图探讨在城市设计学习中引入"时间"概念的意义和反思     

现代港口与城市发展的关系——以江苏省镇江市为例

镇江是一座历史文化名城，素有“天下第一江山”之美誉，它的形成发展与其港口是密不可分的。本文从镇江港口空间形态、城市空间形态、港口与城市发展的关系为切入点，寻求港城空间发展对策。